The functionality offered by the Iray API is split into so-called API components.
Each component gives access to some aspect of the Iray API. The basic interfaces mi::neuraylib::INeuray and mi::neuraylib::IPlugin_api give access to these API components via their get_api_component()
methods.
This page here lists all API components. Note that some API components are always available (e.g., configuration interfaces), while other API components are only available while Iray is running (e.g. access to the database).